SECOND CONDITIONAL

We use the second conditional to talks about imaginary situations

We often use it to talk about the opposite of what is true or real

For example:

“If my car had GPS, life would be so much easier (but my car doesn’t have a GPS”.

“If I had enough money, I’d get one for my car”.

The second conditional talks about the present or the future.

The if clause can be first or second in the sentence.

Positive and negative

This is important use this structure:

IF +subjective + PAST SIMPLE, subjective + ‘d (would) / wouldn’t + INFINITIVE

For example: If my car had one, life would be so much easier

                        If we didn’t have it at home, I wouldn’t get any sleep at all.

Questions

The phase can came at the beginning or end of the sentence

For example: What would you do?...

The short answers to these are yes or no. For example: Yes, I would. No, I wouldn’t 

ABOUT THE COMPUTERS VOCABULARY

We have some definitions about computers that is useful:

Delete: remove something form a computer’s memory: “I usually delete my emails after I’ve read them”

A file: any piece of information stored on computer: “I can’t find the files I saved yesterday”

Create: make something new: “How do you create a new document?”

A folder: a place on computer where you put documents, pictures, etc: “I keep all my pictures in a separate folder”.

Forward: send an email, document etc. to someone else’s computer: “Could you forward me that email from the bank?”

Reply: answer: “Have you replied to Mrs Fisher’s email?”

A back-up copy: an extra copy of computer information: “Don’t forget to make a back-up copy of all your work”.

Log on: to connect your computer to a system of computer, usually so you can start working: “I’ll forward that email to you as soon as I’ve logged on”.

A password: a secret word that allows you to use a computer: “Oh no! I’ve forgotten my password!”

Click on: press a button on the mouse in order to do something on a computer: “To go to the company’s website, click on this link”

An icon: a small picture on the computer screen that you click on to make the computer does something: “This icon means ‘print’”.

An attachment:  a document, picture, etc. that is sent with an email: “Did you read the attachment I send you?”

A link: a connection between documents or parts of the Internet: “Click on this link for more information”.

Online: connected to the internet: “Are you online?”

Download: to copy computer programmers, information, music, etc. into a computer’s memory especially from the Internet: “It’s really easy to download music from the Internet”.

Software: computer programmes: “I’ve just downloaded some new software so that I can read Japanese websites.

Broadband: fast connection to the Internet that is always on: “ The Internet is much faster if you have a broadband”.

Some situations about the vocabulary:

1)      You can save, copy, print or delete a file or document.

2)      You can create, open or have a folder

3)      You can get, send, forward or reply an email.

4)      You should make a back-up copy of your important documents

5)      You can log on by entering your password.

6)      You can click on an icon, an attachment, a website address or a link on a web page

7)      You can search online and download software, pictures or music from the Internet

8)      If you have broadband, you can go for something on the Internet very quickly.

ZERO CONDITIONAL

We can use the zero conditional to talks about things that are always true:

“If you have children, you worry about them all the time”.

The zero conditional can be used with the Present Simple:

“If children stay indoors all the time, they become unfit”.

FIRST CONDITIONAL

We can use the first conditional to talk about the result of a possible event or situation in the future.

The if clause talks about things that are possible, but not certain

We make the first conditional with:

If + Present Simple, will/won’t + infinitive

The if clause can be first or second in the sentence:

I’ll be exhausted after a year if I start teaching again.

We often use might in the main clause to mean ‘will perhaps’:

“But you might have to wait until next year if you don’t apply soon”

We can use unless to mean ‘if not’ un the first conditional:

“Unless I do it now, I’ll be too old” = if I don’t do it now, I’ll be too old

INDIRECT AND DIRECT QUESTIONS

In more formal situations we often use indirect questions because they sound more polite.

For example: Could you tell me whether he’ll back soon?

Sound more polite than: Will he be back soon?

Compare the following direct and indirect questions:

Direct: What did she want? - Indirect: Do you know what she wanted?

Direct: Where was it? - Indirect: Do you remember where it was?

Direct: Will they come? - Indirect: I wonder if they will come.

-          We use if or whether in indirect questions when there isn’t a question word.

-          In indirect questions, if and whether are the same: Do you know if/ whether we asked Alex Ross to come?

-          We don’t use if and whether with: Do you think…? Do you think he’s changed his password?

-          In indirect questions, the main verb is in the positive form. We say: Do you know if we asked Alex Ross to come. NOT: do you know if did we ask Alex Ross to come?

More examples:

Can you tell me
Could you tell me
I'd be interested to hear
I'd like to know
Would you mind telling me

Ação de Exceção de Pré-executividade

Exceção de Pré-executividade

Trata-se uma ação em que não tem em nenhuma lei processual, mas foi criada pela doutrina, ante a ausência de previsão legal.

Origina-se esta ação conforme a Constituição Federal, em seu artigo 5° XXXV:

“A lei não excluirá da apreciação do Poder Judiciário lesão ou ameaça a direito”

Tem por objetivo evitar a constrição patrimonial por um débito que possa causar pela ação de execução fiscal, demonstrando indevido e inexistente, portanto.

Matérias que podem ser alegadas na Ação de Exceção de Pré-executividade:

a)      decadência do crédito executado;

b)      prescrição do crédito executado;

c)      nulidade da Certidão de Divida Ativa – CDA, por não constar requisitos essenciais;

d)     ilegitimidade passiva;

e)      parcelamento do crédito executado;

f)       matérias de ordem pública

Outra característica desta ação, não necessita de dilação probatória na alegação de matérias.

 MODELO DE AÇÃO DE EXCEÇÃO DE PRÉ-EXECUTIVIDADE:

Excelentíssimo Senhor Doutor Juiz Federal da ... Vara de Execuções Fiscais da Subseção Judiciária de ... Estado de ...

(10 linhas)

Processo n°

Execução Fiscal

           

                        (Qualificação), por seu advogado que ora esta subscreve, com endereço para receber intimações (endereço completo), conforme o artigo 39, I, do Código de Processo Civil, vem, respeitosamente à presença de Vossa Excelência, nos autos de Execução Fiscal em epígrafe, que lhe move à União, com fundamento no artigo 5°, XXXV, da Constituição Federal, apresentar:

                        EXCEÇÃO DE PRÉ-EXECUTIVIDADE

nos autos da Execução Fiscal que lhe move a ..., pelos motivos de fato e de direito a seguir expostos:

                        I – Dos Fatos

                        II – Do Direito

                        III – Do Pedido e Requerimento

                        Diante de todo o exposto, requer que seja acolhida a presente exceção de pré-executividade e julgado procedente o pedido

                        Requer ainda, o Excipiente:

a)      Condenação da Excepta ao pagamento de verbas sucubenciais;

b)      Juntada dos documentos que comprovem o alegado.

c)      Intimação da Excepta se manifestar em juízo por seu representante judicial

Dá-se-à a causa o valor de R$ ...

Nesses termos,

Pede deferimento

Local e data

___________________

Advogado

OAB ___/n°____

Sonhos e acreditos

As vezes eu falo no sonho,
As vezes o sonho fala comigo,
As vezes e falo comigo,
As vezes o sonho...

É medonho,
Sonho

Sonho por tudo,
As vezes por nada,

Sempre quero sonhar,
O sonho nos faz no ganhar

Tudo que rego,
Tudo que planto e
Tudo que colho...

Não são sonhos,
Colheitas são realidades!

Planta que rego,
Dia após dia
Planta que cresce
A busca é longa
A busca é fraterna,
Mas a espera é curta,
Não tão curta quanto minha planta

Ora, eu rego!

Desde quando criança
Tudo de alcança
Desde que cresci,
Quero tentar
Estou perto dali...

Dentro do sonho,
tudo acontece
Fora do sonho,
Pode acontecer um sonho


E quando perco as esperanças...

Cinquenta por cento, sonho
Cinquenta por cento, penso

Cem por cento é realizado,

Meu sonho.